最近很多人关心coal是可再生资源吗(可再生资源指的是什么)这个事情，环保百科小编整理了coal是可再生资源吗(可再生资源指的是什么)相关内容，希望对大家有用。
内容概要
经历了动荡的2020年后，2021年将成为可再生能源飞速发展的一年。国际可再生能源署(IRENA)在报告中表示，要实现《巴黎协定》的目标，需要将每年在可再生能源方面的投资增加四倍。可以预见，未来每年将有大量资金用于建设可再生能源基础设施。2021年可再生能源的投资额一定高于2020年，未来石油和煤炭行业的投资额将大大减少。
丝路中心（BRICC）对相关报道进行转译，供读者参考。
In the past few weeks, three interlinked events have occurred which will prove to be transformative in the global energy economy. China, Japan and South Korea have all committed to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; the UK, as host of COP26, has unveiled an accelerated path to carbon neutrality; and Joe Biden won the US presidential election.
过去几周，发生了三件相互关联的事件，它们将对全球能源经济变革产生重要影响：中国、日本和韩国承诺到2050年实现温室气体净零排放；作为第26届联合国气候变化大会东道国，英国公布了加速实现碳中和的途径；乔·拜登在美国总统大选中获胜。
As we close out 2020, it is possible to envisage a robust global response to both the short-term economic and social impacts of Covid-19, and the longer-term challenge of avoiding catastrophic climate change. The vehicle for delivering both objectives is renewable energy; or, put another way, the transformation of the global energy economy by renewable energy.
随着2020年接近尾声，人们尝试设想出既能应对Covid-19疫情带来的短期经济和社会影响，也能应对避免灾难性气候变化所带来的长期挑战的全球应对措施。答案就是可再生能源，或者换句话说，通过可再生能源来改变全球能源经济。
The International Energy Agency’s (IEA) 2020 World Energy Outlook has one clear conclusion: that renewable energy, principally solar and wind energy, will be the only technologies to grow in 2020.
国际能源机构(IEA)在《2020年世界能源展望》中得出了一个明确的结论：可再生能源（主要是太阳能和风能），将是2020年唯一有所发展的技术。
1
Fossil fuels" decline化石燃料的减少
The resilience of these two sectors contrasts with oil and coal, which have, for separate but related reasons, had a traumatic year. Wood Mackenzie estimates the price crash of 2020 has wiped away $1.6tn in its valuation of oil and gas producers. Coal, for so long the motive power of global economic growth, is financially underwater, with only the dwindling power of incumbency keeping it afloat in key markets such as south-east Asia.
这两类新能源所表现出来的韧性与传统石油和煤炭行业形成了鲜明对比。2020年，由于各种原因，石油和煤炭行业经历了艰难的一年。能源咨询公司Wood Mackenzie估计，2020年的油价暴跌使石油和天然气生产商的估值蒸发了1.6万亿美元。长久以来，煤炭一直是全球经济增长的动力，如今已处于水深火热之中。如在东南亚等关键市场，原来占据主导地位的煤炭行业如今也只能勉强维持生存。
The speed at which oil and coal have become investment pariahs is due in part to the work of bodies like Carbon Tracker that have highlighted the stranded asset risks associated with these technologies.
石油和煤炭之所以如此迅速地成为投资弃儿，部分原因在于“碳追踪”(Carbon Tracker)等机构的工作，它们强调了与此类技术相关的资产搁浅风险。
If governments are serious about meeting their Paris Agreement climate targets, they cannot sanction the further development of fossil fuels, and will limit the running of existing plants. The decision by Japan, China and South Korea to commit to a net-zero pathway will also drastically reduce the availability of finance for new coal plants, especially in Africa and the Asia-Pacific region. It also has immediate implications for the extractive industries in Australia, Colombia and Indonesia, who are now asking who will buy their coal.
各国政府如果真想实现《巴黎协定》的气候目标，就不能批准进一步开发化石燃料的计划，并且将限制现有工厂的运行。日本、中国和韩国承诺实现净零排放的决定，也必将导致新燃煤电厂融资规模大幅减少。这在非洲和亚太地区尤为明显。同时，澳大利亚、哥伦比亚和印度尼西亚的采掘业也必然受到冲击，这些国家现在都在寻找煤炭买家。
Earlier this year, Goldman Sachs echoed the sentiments of the IEA report when they stated that renewables will become the largest area of energy spending in 2021, beating oil and gas. One reason for this, and associated with growing understanding of the stranded asset risks of fossil fuels, is the rising cost of capital for new fossil projects — to a point where it is significantly higher than that for wind and solar power.
今年早些时候，高盛回应附和了IEA报告的观点，称2021年可再生能源将超过石油和天然气，成为最大的能源消费领域。其中一个原因是，随着人们对化石燃料资产搁浅风险的认识不断加深，新的化石项目资金成本不断上升，远远高于风能和太阳能。
This, in turn, has reduced the rate of return for new upstream oil and gas projects, driving them to a par with wind and solar. Next year will see renewables capital expenditure exceeds that of hydrocarbons for the first time ever; another sign of the inevitable and inexorable transition to clean energy.
资金成本的上升降低了上游新油气项目的回报率，使其与风能和太阳能项目不相上下。明年，可再生能源的资本支出有望首次超过碳氢化合物;这是向清洁能源转型的又一迹象。
BP, Shell and the other European oil majors are not transitioning away from oil and gas and towards wind and solar for sentimental reasons. Their investors and their boards can read the same analysis of return expectations.
英国石油(BP)、壳牌(Shell)和其它欧洲石油巨头并非出于情感原因做出从石油和天然气向风能和太阳能转型的决定。他们的投资者和董事会可以读到同样的预期回报分析报告。
2
Large scale大规模转型
The transition to renewable energy is accelerating and it is happening at scale. In 2020 we have seen how it is possible to deliver very large amounts of base cost, resilient and reliable wind and solar energy in markets around the world.
向可再生能源转型的速度正在加快，并且转型规模庞大。2020年，我们看到，向世界各地市场提供大量低成本、可靠度高的风能和太阳能已经成为可能。
In the UK, renewables, powered by that country’s increasing offshore wind reserves, delivered 44% of its electricity demand during 2020. In Chile, a global consortium of banks invested $620m in bringing 630MW of Mainstream Renewable Power’s wind and solar plant to financial close. This is the second tranche of a mammoth 1.3GW portfolio won in a competitive auction in 2016, when coal was priced out of the market.
英国海上风电的发电量满足了2020年电力需求量的44%。在智利， 一家全球银行财团为Mainstream Renewable Power的630MW项目投资6.2亿美元。这是其2016年中标的130GW项目的第二阶段工程融资交易，当时煤炭因价格因素失去了市场。
In South Africa, the government committed to delivering its fifth round of renewables procurement, as the backers of the country’s only new independent coal plant, the 630MW Thabametsi plant, withdrew. My company, Mainstream Renewable Power, is present in all these markets, helping to lead the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. In each, that transition is underpinned by a global network of investors convinced, as we are, that the world is moving inexorably, and at speed, to a decarbonised energy economy.
在南非，随着该国唯一的新独立火力发电厂——630MW Thabametsi电厂的支持者退出，政府承诺进行第五轮可再生能源采购。在世界各地能源市场从化石燃料到可再生能源转变中，全球风能和太阳能公司扮演着领导者的角色。这种转变在每个国家都得到了全球投资网络的支持，他们和我们一样相信，世界正在不可逆地、快速地向脱碳能源经济转型。
It is these countries’ leadership that is inspiring Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia and Colombia, whose modern economies were all built on coal, to envisage a transition to wind and solar. It is the example of South Korea, Japan and China in setting a timetable to reach net zero that will inspire, and finance, others regionally and globally to do the same. It is the prospect of the United States re-joining the UNFCCC process that makes the likelihood of a meaningful conclusion to COP26 in Glasgow all the greater.
正是这些国家的带头作用，激励了越南、菲律宾、印尼和哥伦比亚等以煤炭为基础能源的国家向风能和太阳能转型。韩国、日本和中国在制定实现净零排放的时间表，这将激励全球其他国家和地区纷纷效仿。美国重新加入《联合国气候变化框架公约》，使得在格拉斯哥举行的第26届联合国气候变化大会达成实质性进展的前景更加乐观。
Mainstream Renewable Power was founded with a vision of a world electrified by renewable energy. What is truly exciting as we look towards 2021 is the fact that we can see the framework of that new electric society in markets as perse as Chile, South Korea and the UK. Our challenge now is to accelerate the transition to renewable energy.
全球风能和太阳能公司的成立是为了实现世界可再生能源电气化愿景。当我们展望2021年，真正令人兴奋的是，我们可以在智利、韩国和英国等不同市场上看到新型电力社会的雏形。我们现在面临的挑战是如何加快向可再生能源的过渡。
In its recent report, Global Landscape of Renewable Energy Finance 2020, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) reminded us that to meet the Paris Agreement targets we need to quadruple the amount of annual investment in renewable energy. We know that there is a wall of money looking to invest in clean energy infrastructure; we know that next year that there will be more markets to invest in than in 2020; and we know that the market knows that it no longer makes sense to invest in oil or coal.
国际可再生能源署(IRENA)在其最近发布的《2020年全球可再生能源金融格局》(Global Landscape of Renewable Energy Finance 2020)报告中提醒我们，要实现《巴黎协定》的目标，需要将每年在可再生能源方面的投资增加四倍。可以预见，未来每年将有大量资金用于建设可再生能源基础设施。2021年可再生能源的投资额一定高于2020年，未来石油和煤炭行业的投资额将大大减少。
For all these reasons I am confident that we will meet the challenge that IRENA has set and that a world electrified by renewable energy is no longer a dream, but a vision embedded in reality.
基于以上这些原因，相信我们将迎接国际可再生能源署IRENA提出的挑战，一个由可再生能源发电的世界将不再是一个梦想，而是嵌入现实的愿景。
丝路国际产能合作促进中心（BRICC）是服务“一带一路”国际产能合作的综合性服务平台。丝路中心主要开展咨询研究、项目推进、人才培训等工作，对参与“一带一路”国际产能合作的企业提供指导；整合国际国内的优势资源，为企业提供国际化、专业化、市场化的服务。